Stroke

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Stroke
Information about Stroke

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Information about Stroke

There are several types of stroke, and each type has different causes. The three main types of stroke are listed below. Click on the individual name of each type for more detailed information and images.

Ischemic Stroke

The most common type of stroke -- accounting for almost 80% of all strokes -- is caused by a clot or other blockage within an artery leading to the brain.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

An intracerebral hemorrhage is a type of stroke caused by the sudden rupture of an artery within the brain. Blood is then released into the brain, compressing brain structures.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

A subarachnoid hemorrhage is also a type of stroke caused by the sudden rupture of an artery. A subarachnoid hemorrhage differs from a intracerebral hemorrhage in that the location of the rupture leads to blood filling the space surrounding the brain rather than inside of it.

(Adapted from The Internet Stroke Center at Washington University School of Medicine.)

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in America.

Stroke can result in consequences in any part of the body controlled by the damaged part of the brain.

How is Stroke Diagnosed?

Stroke symptoms can include numbness or weakness; trouble speaking or understanding speech; tingling pains; blurry vision; trouble walking or moving; or sudden, massive, unexplained headache. Doctors stress the importance of recognizing the signs of stroke, and of calling 911 at the first signs of a stroke.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI’s) and other forms of brain scanning can detect clots and damage from previously undetected mini-strokes.

How is Stroke Treated?

Treatment for stroke falls into three categories: prevention, acute treatment (immediately after a stroke), and long-term rehabilitation.

Stroke is one of the most preventable brain disorders. Many risk factors for stroke are associated with diet and lifestyle, including high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, and inactivity. Medicines (such as blood-pressure medication) and behaviors (such as exercising and avoiding smoking) that address these risk factors help prevent stroke.

Acute treatment focuses on dissolving the blood clot of an ischemic stroke, or stopping the bleeding of a hemorrhagic stroke.

Long-term rehabilitation helps individuals cope with difficulties arising from strokes and their aftermath.